Bhagavad Gita: Chapter 1, Verse 4 - The Array of Heroes
Arjuna observes the formidable warriors on the Pandava side, highlighting the strength and determination gathered for the righteous battle.
Chapter 1: Arjuna Vishada Yoga
Verse 4
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
अत्र शूरा महेष्वासा भीमार्जुनसमा युधि । युयुधानो विराटश्च द्रुपदश्च महारथः ॥४॥
Transliteration (IAST)
atra śūrā maheṣvāsā bhīmārjunasamā yudhi | yuyudhāno virāṭaśca drupadaśca mahārathaḥ ||4||
Translation
Here are the heroes, mighty archers, equal to Bhima and Arjuna in battle; Yuyudhana, Virata, and Drupada, the great chariot warriors.
The Shloka
Sanskrit (Devanagari): अत्र शूरा महेष्वासा भीमार्जुनसमा युधि । युयुधानो विराटश्च द्रुपदश्च महारथः ॥४॥
Transliteration (IAST): atra śūrā maheṣvāsā bhīmārjunasamā yudhi | yuyudhāno virāṭaśca drupadaśca mahārathaḥ ||4||
Translation: Here are the heroes, mighty archers, equal to Bhima and Arjuna in battle; Yuyudhana, Virata, and Drupada, the great chariot warriors.
Explanation
Context
Verse 4 is part of Sanjaya’s narration to Dhritarashtra, where he describes the Pandava army’s composition. It follows Duryodhana’s assessment of his own forces and is intended to paint a picture of the opposing side’s strength. This contributes to the escalating tension and sets the stage for Arjuna’s impending crisis of conscience.
Word-by-Word Meaning
- Atra: Here
- Śūrāḥ: Heroes, valiant warriors
- Maheṣvāsāḥ: Mighty archers (Maha - great, ishu - arrow, asa - having)
- Bhīmārjunasamāḥ: Equal to Bhima and Arjuna
- Yudhi: In battle
- Yuyudhānaḥ: Yuyudhana (another name for Satyaki, a Yadava warrior)
- Virāṭaḥ: Virata (the king of Matsya)
- Ca: And
- Drupadaḥ: Drupada (the king of Panchala)
- Ca: And
- Mahārathaḥ: Great chariot warrior
The verse emphasizes the presence of exceptionally skilled warriors within the Pandava army, highlighting their archery prowess and comparing them to the formidable Bhima and Arjuna. The mention of specific individuals like Yuyudhana, Virata, and Drupada serves to personalize and add weight to the description of the Pandava forces.
Deeper Understanding
In this verse, Sanjaya is not merely presenting a list of names. He’s highlighting the quality and caliber of the warriors on the Pandava side. The comparison to Bhima and Arjuna, two of the most powerful warriors of their time, is significant. It underscores the formidable challenge that the Kauravas face. This is not just a battle of numbers but a clash of skilled and determined individuals.
Krishna, through the Gita, emphasizes the importance of recognizing one’s strengths and weaknesses, as well as those of the opponent. This verse indirectly touches upon this theme by showcasing the Pandavas’ strength. It also subtly alludes to the concept of dharma. The Pandavas are portrayed as having righteous warriors on their side, suggesting that dharma is on their side, while Duryodhana is more focused on manipulating and using weaker allies.
Practical Application
-
Assess Your Strengths: Just as Arjuna needed to understand the strength of his allies, we should assess our own strengths and the resources we have available to us in any endeavor. This involves recognizing our skills, talents, and support systems. Before undertaking a new project or challenge, take time to identify your capabilities and how they can be leveraged.
-
Recognize the Opposition: Understanding the strengths and capabilities of those you are up against is crucial for success. This doesn’t necessarily mean viewing them as enemies, but rather acknowledging their skills and preparing accordingly. In competitive situations, analyze your competitors’ strategies and capabilities to develop a more effective approach. In personal relationships, understand the other person’s perspective and needs to foster better communication and collaboration.
-
Value Allies and Support: The verse highlights the importance of strong allies. In our own lives, we should value and nurture our relationships with those who support us. These individuals can provide encouragement, guidance, and assistance when we need it most. Cultivate a network of supportive friends, family, and colleagues who can help you navigate challenges and achieve your goals.
Reflection
- How does recognizing the strengths of others influence your own actions and decisions?
- In what areas of your life could you benefit from better understanding your own strengths and weaknesses?
- How can you cultivate stronger relationships with your allies and supporters?
Key Concepts
- Strength Assessment: Evaluating the capabilities of oneself and others.
- Allies: Recognizing and valuing supportive relationships.
- Preparation: Understanding the opposition to strategize effectively.
- Dharma: The subtle implication that righteousness brings strong allies.
Navigation
← Previous: Chapter 1, Verse 3
Note: The next shloka will be available soon if not yet published.